(1)Aluminum Alloys - Mechanical Properties

Aluminum alloys are divided into the wrought and cast categories according to how they are produced.

Mechanical properties for some aluminum alloys:

· 1 psi (lb/in²) = 6894.8 Pa (N/m²)

· ANL - Annealing, done after cold working to soften work-hardening alloys

· H - refers to non heat treatable alloys that are “cold worked” or “strain hardened”

· T1 - Cooled from elevated temperature shaping - naturally aged

· T2 - Cooled from elevated temperature shaping - cold worked and naturally aged

· T3 - Solution heat-treated - cold worked and naturally aged to stable condition

· T4 - Solution heat-treated - naturally aged to stable condition

· T5 - Cooled from elevated temperature shaping - artificially aged

· T6 - Solution heat-treated - artificially aged

· T7 - Solution heat-treated - overaged / stabilized

 

(2) Popular aluminum alloys for CNC machining

The following 5 aluminium grades are one of the most often used for CNC machining.

A.EN AW-2007 / 3.1645 / AlCuMgPb

Alternative designations: 3.1645; EN 573-3; AlCu4PbMgMn.

EN AW 2007 is widely used in the production of machine parts, bolts, rivets nuts, screws, and threaded bars. However, this aluminium grade has low weldability and low corrosion resistance; therefore it is recommended to carry out protective anodising after part machining.

B. EN AW-5083 / 3.3547 / Al-Mg4,5Mn

Alternative designations: 3.3547; Alloy 5083; EN 573-3; UNS A95083; ASTM B209; AlMg4.5Mn0.7

AW 5083 is renowned for its excellent performance in severe environments. AW 5080 has the highest strength; a property which it retains even after welding. While this alloy should not be used in applications with temperatures higher than 65°C, it excels in low temperature applications.

Due to its set of desirable properties, AW 5080 is used in numerous applications including cryogenic equipment, marine applications, pressure equipment, chemical applications, welded constructions, and vehicle bodies.

C. EN AW 5754 / 3.3535 / Al-Mg3

Alternative designations: 3.3535; Alloy 5754; EN 573-3; U21NS A95754; ASTM B 209; Al-Mg3.

AW 5754 can be rolled, forged, and extruded. It is also non heat-treatable and can be cold-worked to increase its strength, but at a lower ductility. AW 5754 is one of the most popular CNC machined aluminium grades. It is typically used in welded structures, flooring applications, fishing equipment, vehicle bodies, food processing, and rivets.

D. EN AW-6060 / 3.3206 / Al-MgSi

Alternative designations: 3.3206; ISO 6361; UNS A96060; ASTM B 221; AlMgSi0,5

It is heat-treatable and has average strength, good weldability, and good formability. It is also highly resistant to corrosion; a property which can be improved even further through anodising. EN AW 6060 is often used in construction, food processing, medical equipment, and automotive engineering.

E.EN AW-7075 / 3.4365 / Al-Zn6MgCu

Alternative designations: 3.4365; UNS A96082; H30; Al-Zn6MgCu.

EN AW 7075 has average machinability, poor cold forming properties, and is not suitable for both welding and soldering;excellent resistance to atmospheric and marine environments, and strength comparable to some steel alloys. This alloy is employed in a very wide range of applications including hang glider and bicycle frames, rock climbing equipment, weaponry, and mold tool manufacturing.

E. EN AW-6061 / 3.3211 / Al-Mg1SiCu

Alternative designations: 3.3211, UNS A96061, A6061, Al-Mg1SiCu.

This alloy is very suitable for highly loaded structures such as scaffolds, rail coaches, machine and aerospace parts.

F. EN AW-6082 / 3.2315 / Al-Si1Mg

Alternative designations: 3.2315, UNS A96082, A-SGM0,7, Al-Si1Mg.

Typically formed by rolling and extrusion, this alloy has medium strength with very good weldability and thermal conductivity. It has high stress corrosion cracking resistance. It has a tensile strength that ranges from 140 – 330MPa. It is heavily employed in offshore construction and containers.

(3) Main  Machining Process:

l CNC Turning

In CNC turning operations, the workpiece rotates, while the single-point cutting tool stays stationary along its axis. Depending on the machine, either the workpiece or the cutting tool carries out feed motion against the other in order to achieve material removal. 

l CNC Milling

Machining & Fabrication

CNC

Precision Cutting

Deburring

Drilling & Tapping

Punching

Forming & Bending

Welding

CNC Milling operations are the most commonly used in machining aluminium parts. These operations involve the rotation of a multi-point cutting along its axis, while the workpiece stays stationary along its own axis. Cutting action and subsequently material removal is achieved by the feed motion of either the workpiece, the cutting tool, or both of them combined. This motion can be carried out along multiple axes.

(4) Surface treatment:

l Coating

This involves coating an aluminium part with another material such as zinc, nickel, and chrome. This is done to improve the parts processes and may be achieved through electrochemical processes.

l Anodising

Anodising is an electrochemical process in which an aluminium part is dipped in a solution of diluted sulphuric acid, and an electric voltage is applied across the cathode and anode. This process effectively converts the exposed surfaces of the part into a hard, electrically non-reactive aluminium oxide coating. The density and thickness of the coating created is dependent on the consistency of the solution, the anodising time, and the electric current. You may also carry out anodisation to colour a part.

l Powder coating

The powder coating process involves coating a part with colours polymer powder, using an electrostatic spray gun. The part is then left to cure at a temperature of 200°C. Powder coating improves strength and resistance to wear, corrosion, and impact.

l Heat treatment

Parts made from heat-treatable aluminium alloys may undergo heat treatment to improve their mechanical properties.

(5)Applications of CNC machined aluminium parts in industry

As stated earlier, aluminium alloys have a number of desirable properties. Hence, CNC machined aluminium parts are indispensable in several industries, including the following:

· Aerospace: due to its high strength to weight ratio, several aircraft fittings are made from machined aluminium;

· Automotive: similar to the aerospace industry, several parts such as shafts and other components in the automotive industry are made from aluminium;

· Electrical: having high electrical conductivities, CNC machined aluminium parts are often used as electronic components in electrical appliances;

· Food/Pharmaceutical: because they do not react with most organic substances, aluminium parts play important roles in the food and pharmaceutical industries;

· Sports: aluminium is often used to make sports equipment such as baseball bats and sport whistles;

· Cryogenics: aluminium’s ability to retain its mechanical properties at sub-zero temperatures, makes aluminium parts desirable for cryogenic applications.

（6） Main Aluminium Alloy

 

 

 

中国 (GB)	国际 (ISO)	美国 (AA)	日本 (JIS)	原苏联 (ΓOCT)	德国 (DIN)	英国 (BS)	法国 (NF)
LG5	-	1199	1N99	AB000	Al99.98R	S1	-
LG2	-	1090	1N90	AB1	Al99.9	-	-
LG1	Al99.8	1080	A1080	AB2	Al99.8	1A	-
L1	Al99.7	1070	A1070	A00	Al99.7	-	1070A
L2	-	1060	A1060	A0	-	-	-
L3	Al99.5	1050	-	A1	Al99.5	1B	1050A
L5-1	Al99.0	1100	A1100	A2	Al99.0	3L54	1100
L5	-	1200	A1200	-	Al99	1C	1200
LF2	AlMg2.5	5052	A5052	AMr	AlMg2.5	N4	5052
LF3	AlMg3	5154	A5154	AMr3	AlMg3	N5	-
LF4	AlMg4.5Mn0.7	5038	A5038	AMr4	AlMg4.5Mn	N8	5083
LF5-1	AlMg5	5056	A5056	-	AlMg5	N6	-
LF5	AlMg5Mn0.4	5456	-	Amr5	-	N61	-
LF21	AlMn1Cu	3003	A3003	AMu	AlMnCu	N3	3003
LD2	-	6165	A6165	AB	-	-	-
LD7	AlCu2MgNi	2618	2N01	AK4	-	H16	2618A
LD9	-	2018	A2018	AK2	-	-	-
LD10	AlCu4SiMg	2014	A2014	AK8	AlCuSiMg	-	2014
LD11	-	4032	A4032	AK9	-	38S	4032
LD30	AlMg1SiCu	6061	A6061	AΠ33	AlMg1SiCu	H20	6061
LD31	AlMg0.7Si	6063	A6063	AΠ31	AlMgSi0.5	H19	-
LY1	AlCu2.5Mg	2217	A2217	AΠ18	AlCu2.5Mg0.5	3L86	-
LY11	AlCu4MgSi	2017	A2017	AΠ1	AlCuMg1	H15	2017A
LY12	AlCu4Mg1	2024	A2024	AΠ16	AlCuMg2	GB-24S	2024
LC3	AlZn7MgCu	7174	-	B94	-	-	-
LC9	AlZn5.5MgCu	7075	A7075	-	AlZnMgCu1.5	L95	7075
LC10	-	7079	7N11	-	AlZnMgCu0.5	-	-
LT1	AlSi5	4043	A4043	AK	AlSi5	N21	-
LT17	AlSi12	4047	A4047	-	AlSi12	N2	-
LB1	-	7072	A7072	-	SlZn1	-	-

(7) Machinery:

 

X Axis : 4000~6000mm

Y Axis: 800/1000/1200mm

Z Axis: 600 mm

Spindle speed : 8000/10000 rpm

Spindle taper : BT40 / BT50

Tool Magazine : 12/20pcs Umbrella Type

This CNC machining center is with the functions of milling, drilling, and tapping;

Machining various lengths of metal profiles, such as aluminum, steel, copper, etc;

Adopt double cantilever design structure, increase the equipment stability, improve machining accuracy;

With a large bevel organ shape sheet metal cover for protection;

The auto chip conveyor is a standard configuration, which makes it easy to clean chips;

Widely used in industries of making electronic appliance, aerospace equipment, rail translation, machinery parts,etc.

 

troke of X axis: 2500-12500mm(can be customerized)

Stroke of Y axis: 450/580mm

Stroke of Z axis: 450mm

Spindle Speed: 10000/12000 rpm

Spindle Taper: BT40

Tool Magazine: Disc type

Tool Magazine Capacity: 24pcs

Position Precision of X axis: 0.05mm

Position Precision of Y/Z axis: 0.01mm

Repeating Position of X/Y/Z axis: ±0.01mm

With functions of milling, drilling, tapping, routing, chamfering, applicable for various length of profile of aluminium, iron, steel, etc.

With automatic chip conveyor

BT40 Spindle

With Protection door.

With Disc shape tool magazine

 

Working table size :600 X1300 mm

X/Y/Z Axis : 1000/600/600 mm

Spindle taper : BT40

Control system : MISUBIHI/FANUC/SIEMENS

1.Main features

A.X/Y Axis adopts Linear slide rail , Z axis adopts hard rail .

B.BT40 Spindle

C.Applicable to all knids Cars, motorcycles , electronics etc.